Comparative assessment of a foam-based oxidative treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated unsaturated and anisotropic soils
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Titre | Comparative assessment of a foam-based oxidative treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated unsaturated and anisotropic soils |
Type de publication | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2019 |
Auteurs | Bouzid I, Maire J, Fatin-Rouge N |
Journal | CHEMOSPHERE |
Volume | 233 |
Pagination | 667-676 |
Date Published | OCT |
Type of Article | Article |
ISSN | 0045-6535 |
Mots-clés | Coal tar contamination, ISCO, Soil anisotropy, Surfactant foam, Vadose zone |
Résumé | In situ delivery of liquid reagents in vadose zone is limited by soil anisotropy and gravity. The enhanced delivery of persulfate (PS) as oxidant, using a new foam-based method (F-PS) was compared at bench-scale to traditional water-based (W-PS) and surfactant solution-based (S-PS) deliveries. The goal was to distribute PS uniformly in coal tar-contaminated unsaturated and anisotropic soils, both in terms of permeability and contamination. Water was the less efficiently delivered fluid because of the hydro-phobicity of the contaminated soils. Surfactant enhanced PS-distribution into contaminated zones by reducing interfacial tension and inverting soil wettability. Regardless of coal tar contamination contrasts (0 vs. 5 and 1 vs. 10 g kg(so)(il)(-1)) or strong permeability contrasts, PS-solution injection after foam injection led to the most uniform reagents delivery. While PS-concentration varied more than 5-times between zones using W-PS and S-PS methods, it varied less than 1.6-times when the F-PS one was used. Finally, despite unfavorable conditions, the foam-based method did not show any detrimental effect regarding the oxidation of hydrocarbons compared to the W-PS and S-PS methods carried out in ideal conditions. Moreover, hydrocarbon degradation rates were slightly higher when using F-PS than S-PS due to a lower surfactant content in the targeted zone. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.295 |