PRODIG (Prevention of new onset diabetes after transplantation by a short term treatment of Vildagliptin in the early renal post-transplant period) study: study protocol for a randomized controlled study

BackgroundPost-transplant diabetes is a frequent and serious complication of kidney transplantation. There is currently no treatment to prevent or delay the disease. Nevertheless, identification of risk factors make it possible to target a population at risk of developing de novo diabetes. We hypothesized that a short-term treatment with vildagliptin may prevent new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in high-risk patients.Methods/designThis is a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients undergoing first kidney transplantation will be included from ten French transplant centers. Included patients will be randomized (1:1) to receive either vildagliptin 100 or 50mg/day (depending on glomerular filtration rate) during 2months (the first dose being administered before entering the operating theatres) or placebo. Additional antidiabetic therapy could be administered according to glycemic control. The primary outcome is the proportion of diabetic patients 1year after transplantation, defined as patients receiving a diabetic treatment, or having a fasting glucose above 7mmol/l, and/or with an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes include glycated hemoglobin, the occurrence of acute rejection, infection, graft loss and patient death at 3months, 6months, and 12months after transplantation. Outcomes will be correlated to clinical and general characteristics of the patient, cardiovascular history, nephropathy, dialysis history, transplantation data, biological data, health-related quality of life, and the cost-effectiveness of prevention of diabetes with vildagliptin.DiscussionWe have scarce data on the pharmacological prevention of post-transplant diabetes. If our hypothesis is verified, our results will have a direct application in clinical practice and could limit diabetes-associated morbidity, reduce cardiovascular complications, increase quality of life of renal transplant patients, and consequently promote graft and patient survival. Our results may possibly serve for non-transplant patients carrying a high-risk of diabetes associated with other co-morbidities.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02849899. Registered on 8 February 2016.