Reactive Arthritis: Treatment Challenges and Future Perspectives

Purpose of the Review Reactive arthritis is synovitis related to an infection away from the joint. The evolution is variable, frequently self-limited, but with the possible evolution to a prolonged form, generating functional incapacity and sequelae. Recent Findings New microbiological families have been incriminated and pathophysiological links have been clarified, highlighting the role of the mucous membranes (gut in particular), specific cell populations, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. First-line pharmacological treatment is based on NSAIDs. In case of failure, synthetic and more recently biological DMARDs are indicated. Only open data are available for biological DMARDs but suggest good efficacy and safety. Reactive arthritis has not disappeared. The diagnosis must be mentioned by the clinic and history to allow the rapid introduction of an appropriate treatment.