A prognostic factor index for overall survival in patients receiving first-line chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: An analysis of the ATHENA trial

Background: Evidence-based definitions of `poor-prognosis' or `aggressive' advanced breast cancer are lacking. Patients and methods: We developed a prognostic factor index using data from 2203 patients treated with first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab for HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. Results: The risk factors most closely associated with worse OS were: disease-free interval <= 24 months; liver metastases or >= 3 involved organ sites; prior anthracycline and/or taxane therapy; triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); and performance status 2 or prior analgesic/corticosteroid treatment. Risk of death was increased threefold in patients with >= 3 versus <= 1 risk factors (hazard ratio 3.0 [95% CI 2.6 -3.4; p < 0.001]; median 16.0 vs 38.8 months, respectively). Conclusions: This prognostic index may enable identification of patients with a poorer prognosis in whom more intensive systemic regimens may be appropriate. The index may also be considered in designing new trials, although it requires validation in other datasets before extrapolation to nonbevacizumab- containing therapy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.