Maximalist vs. minimalist shoes: dose-effect response of elastic compression on muscular oscillations

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to establish whether maximalist shoes engender fewer muscular oscillations than minimalist shoes and determine to what extent these shoes, when combined with elastic compression (EC), help reduce muscle oscillations. For that purpose, we tested the effects of various levels of compression on the muscular oscillations in maximalist and minimalist footwear. METHODS: Eleven volunteers executed 16 one-minute passages on a flat treadmill in a randomized order: maximalists or minimalists, walking (6 km/h) or running (10 km/h), without EC (control condition [CON]) or with EC applying different pressures (9.6 mmHg, 14.5 mmHg and 20.4 mmHg). The muscular oscillations were measured on both thighs, on the rectus femoris and on the vastus medialis with tri-axial accelerometers. RESULTS: Muscular oscillations are lower in maximalist shoes than in minimalist shoes, for both walking to 6 km/h and running to 10 km/h (P<0.05). Oscillations are also reduced with EC (P<0.05). This decrease is most marked when the pressure exercised by the EC is increased. CONCLUSIONS: Increased compression with minimalist shoes reduces muscular oscillations as much as maximalist shoes, when combined with lower compression.