Giant Cell Arteritis-related Stroke: A Retrospective Multicenter Case-control Study

{Objective. Our aim was to describe patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA)-related stroke and to compare them with a control group of GCA patients without stroke. Methods. We created a retrospective multicenter cohort of patients with (1) GCA diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria between 1995 and 2015, and (2) stroke occurring at the time of GCA diagnosis or occurring within 4 weeks of starting GCA therapy. The control group consisted of GCA patients without stroke. Results. Forty patients [21 women (53%), median age 78 (60- 91) yrs] with GCA-related stroke were included and were compared with 200 control patients. Stroke occurred at GCA diagnosis in 29 patients (73%), whereas it occurred after diagnosis in 11 patients. Vertebrobasilar territory was involved in 29 patients (73%). Seven patients died within a few hours or days following stroke. Compared with the control group, stroke patients had more ophthalmic ischemic symptoms [25 (63%) vs 50 (25%), p < 0.001]. Conversely, they demonstrated lower biological inflammatory variables [ C-reactive protein: 61 (28-185) mg/l vs 99 (6-400) mg/l