Number, type and cost of microbiological tests during HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: The experience of a French hospital

Background: Microbiological tests are required for individuals on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), but their real-life numbers, types and cost are poorly described. Methods: Number, type, and results of microbiological tests performed in a Besancon Hospital-associated laboratory, France, from 2016 to 2019, in the setting of PrEP consultations were retrospectively collected. Costs were estimated by the current reimbursement rate set by the French national protection system. Results: 756 consultations for PrEP initiation or follow-up of 135 persons were performed over 4 years. Among 3434 tests performed in the institution-associated laboratory, 1083 and 2351 were virological and bacteriological tests, respectively. Serology was predominant in virology (98% of virological tests), with HIV, HCV, and HBV screening as the 3 more frequent assays, whereas molecular biology was predominant in bacteriology (63.1% of bacteriological tests) with N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis screening as leader assays. Agar-based culture accounted for 1% of bacterial tests. The global cost of microbiological tests was 45,983.20 euros, corresponding to a mean cost of 60.80 euros per consultation. Virological and bacteriological tests accounted for 37.7% and 62.3% of this budget, respectively. No seroconversion was observed for HIV or HCV. N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis were detected at least once in 39.3% and 22.4% of individuals, respectively, with 15% of symptomatic episodes in both cases. Active syphilis infection was detected in 15.4% of individuals. Conclusions: Since numerous microbiological tests are required during PrEP, the availability of specific technical platforms should not be neglected by centers wishing to set up PrEP consultations. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.