Existence and consistency of the maximum likelihood estimators for the extreme value index within the block maxima framework

The maximum likelihood method offers a standard way to estimate the three parameters of a generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. Combined with the block maxima method, it is often used in practice to assess the extreme value index and normalization constants of a distribution satisfying a first order extreme value condition, assuming implicitly that the block maxima are exactly GEV distributed. This is unsatisfactory since the GEV distribution is a good approximation of the block maxima distribution only for blocks of large size. The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical basis for this methodology. Under a first order extreme value condition only, we prove the existence and consistency of the maximum likelihood estimators for the extreme value index and normalization constants within the framework of the block maxima method.