Gender difference in cycling speed and age of winning performers in ultra-cycling - the 508-mile ``Furnace Creek'' from 1983 to 2012

We analysed (i) the gender difference in cycling speed and (ii) the age of winning performers in the 508-mile ``Furnace Creek 508''. Changes in cycling speeds and gender differences from 1983 to 2012 were analysed using linear, non-linear and hierarchical multi-level regression analyses for the annual three fastest women and men. Cycling speed increased non-linearly in men from 14.6 (s=0.3) km center dot h(-1) (1983) to 27.1 (s=0.7) km center dot h(-1) (2012) and non-linearly in women from 11.0 (s=0.3) km center dot h(-1) (1984) to 24.2 (s=0.2) km center dot h(-1) (2012). The gender difference in cycling speed decreased linearly from 26.2 (s=0.5)% (1984) to 10.7 (s=1.9)% (2012). The age of winning performers increased from 26 (s=2) years (1984) to 43 (s=11) years (2012) in women and from 33 (s=6) years (1983) to 50 (s=5) years (2012) in men. To summarise, these results suggest that (i) women will be able to narrow the gender gap in cycling speed in the near future in an ultra-endurance cycling race such as the ``Furnace Creek 508'' due to the linear decrease in gender difference and (ii) the maturity of these athletes has changed during the last three decades where winning performers become older and faster across years.